COLLOQUIAL ENGLISH

Colloquial forms of speech are often nothing more than simplifications of the standard forms.
Follow below some examples:

Standard: What are you doing tomorrow?
Colloquial: Whatcha doin' tomorrow?

Standard: I don`t want to stay here.
Colloquial: I don`t wanna stay here.
Standard: He's got a lot of money.
Colloquial: He's gotta lot a' money.
Standard: I'm going to watch TV.
Colloquial: I'm gonna watch TV.

Standard: What did you do last night?
Colloquial: Whadja do last night?

See you!

MAKE in fixed expressions

What do you make of this/that?
Ex: What did you make of the Mayor's speech?
Well, I really didn't like it.

Not to know what to make of something
Ex: I didn't know what to make of Professor Duncan's comments. He was very ambiguous.

To make faces
Ex: Will you stop making faces? You look like Frankenstein!
Note: One may also make faces as a gesture of playfulness.

To make faces at someone
Ex: After the professor chewed out the class, the students made faces at him behind his back.

To make room for someone
Ex: My brother is going to the movies with us. We'll have to make room for another person in the car.

To make + adjective + noun
Ex: I think Laura would make a great politician. She really knows how to make speeches.

To make somentone + adjective
Ex: One thing that really makes me mad is having to wait.

COMPARED: DO and MAKE

TO DO
Often suggests to be engaged in, perform or execute some activity.

What are you doing? I'm reading the newspaper.

DO MAKE
Often means to construct, create or prepare something.

What are you making? I'm making lasagna.

POSSESSIVE CASE

1- Personal names that end in s in the singular can make the possessive with either an apostrophe and an extra s or simply an apostrophe. The apostrophe and the extra s is the most commom.
Charles's car. ( is more commom than...) Charles' car.

2- Classical names often make the possessive simply with an apostrophe.
Venus' beauty. Socrates' words.

3- No matter whether a personal name ending in s takes an apostrophe with or without an extra s, in spoken English, an extra unstressed syllable/iz/ is added.

4-When a name ends in ss, its possessive form is always 's.
Mr. Cross's house is sheer luxury!

5- Regular plurals make the possessive with just an apostrophe.
Dogs' noses are generally cold.

6-When there are two or more possessors of the same belongings or possessions, the apostrophe can be attached either to each possessor or simply to the last possessor.
Mark and Joanne's daughter is a beautiful girl.
Mark's and Joanne's daughter is a beautiful girl.

See you later!!

Home Appliances in English

Hi guys! Following below some home appliances in English for you increase your vocabulary.
Let see too, some expressions generally used with them.

I hope that you like it.

1. Microondas: Microwave
Ex: They love microwave popcorn.

2. Geladeira: Fridge, refrigerator
Ex: His mother caught him raiding the fridge.

3. Fogão: Stove
Ex:The milk boiled over on the stove

4. Ferro de passar roupa: Iron
Ex: She got an iron as a present.

5. Liquidificador: Blender, liquidizer
Ex: Her blender broke this morning.

6. Batedeira: Mixer
Ex: He said the mixer is missing.

7. Aspirador de pó: Vacuum cleaner
Ex: This vacuum cleaner uses a lot of energy.

8. Ar condicionado: Air conditioner
Ex: An air conditioner would make things easier.

9. Aparelho de som: Stereo
Ex: Where did you buy this stereo?

10. Máquina de lavar roupas: Washing machine
Ex: That washing machine was on sale.

11. Aparelho de DVD: DVD player
Ex: He sent his DVD player to be fixed.

12. Máquina de lavar louça: Dishwasher
Ex: We need a new dishwasher.

13. Ventilador: Fan
Ex: Go and get the fan, please

Have a nice study !!

Modal Verb: Shall

"Shall" is another way to say the Future Time in English.

Follow bellow when we use "shall".

Meaning 1: In old-fashioned and very formal English, we use 'shall' instead of 'will' when the subject is 'I' or 'we'. Most people use 'will' these days.
Exs: I shall spend all day tomorrow studying English.
I shall never forget this beautiful day.
We shall contact you in the near future. (very formal)

Meaning 2: We use 'shall', with 'I' or 'we', when we make a suggestion.
Exs: "I'm too hot." "Shall I turn on the air conditioning?"
Shall we go to the beach tomorrow?

Meaning 3: We use 'shall' to say that something certainly will or must happen, or that you are determined that something will happen. After 'I' or 'We' with this meaning, we always emphasise the word 'shall'.
Exs: I shall be there to help you, so please don't worry about it.
The company rules state that no employee shall smoke on the company premises.

See you later !!

Lets practice our English !!

See a picture above and create answers for it's questions.
Try!!

My Questions:

(a) Who are "those people"? Quem são "aquelas pessoas"?

(b) Who is the woman holding the sports equipment? Quem é a mulher segurando o equipamento esportivo?

(c) Who is the other woman (in the dress)? Quem é a outra mulher (de vestido)?

Some Answers:

(a) They're people who passed away and left everything to this charitable organization. São pessoas que faleceram e deixaram tudo para essa organização de caridade.

(b) She's in charge of the storage room. Ela é responsável pelo depósito.

(c) She is the director of this charitable organization. Ela é a diretora dessa organização de caridade.

Hugs!!

IRREGULAR VERBS

Os verbos irregulares do inglês são aqueles verbos que não seguem a regra geral de formação do Passado e do Particípio Passado. A formação do Past e do Past Participle, de acordo com a regra geral, que se aplica a todos os demais verbos, se dá através do sufixo -ed. Portanto, todo verbo que não seguir este padrão, será classificado de irregular.

É interessante notar que a irregularidade dos verbos em inglês manifesta-se apenas nas formas do Past e do Past Participle, e não na conjugação dos mesmos, como em português. Os únicos verbos do inglês que têm também uma conjugação irregular são o verbo to be e os verbos auxiliares modais (can, may, might, shall, should, must, etc.).

É interessante notar também que, com relação a freqüência de ocorrência, o Past é mais importante para o aluno do que o Past Participle. Enquanto que o Past representa uma das estruturas gramaticais básicas, o Past Participle ocorre apenas no Perfect Tense, na formação da Voz Passiva e na forma adjetivada do verbo. Exemplos:
Have you heard the news? - Perfect Tense
Toyotas are made in Japan. - Passive Voice
English is a widely spoken language. - Adjective

Nós aqui classificamos as formas irregulares dos verbos como uma questão de vocabulário, uma vez que as mesmas não interferem na estruturação das frases; e do ponto de vista do aprendizado, o aluno deve assimilar essas formas da mesma maneira que assimila vocabulário.

arise - arose - arisen [surgir; erguer-se]

awake - awoke - awoken [despertar]

be - was; were - been [ser; estar]

bear - bore - borne [suportar; dar a luz]

beat - beat - beaten [bater]

become - became - become [tornar-se]

begin - began - begun [começar]

behold - beheld - beheld [contemplar]

bend - bent - bent [curvar, entortar]

bet - bet - bet [apostar]

bid - bid - bid [oferecer, fazer uma oferta]

bind - bound - bound [unir; encadernar]

bite - bit - bitten [morder]

bleed - bled - bled [sangrar]

blow - blew - blown [soprar; explodir]

break - broke - broken [quebrar]

breed - bred - bred [procriar, reproduzir]

bring - brought - brought [trazer]

broadcast - broadcast - broadcast [irradiar, transmitir (via TV ou rádio)]

build - built - built [construir]

buy - bought - bought [comprar]

cast - cast - cast [arremessar, atirar]

catch - caught - caught [pegar, apanhar]

choose - chose - chosen [escolher]

come - came - come [vir]

cost - cost - cost [custar]

creep - crept - crept [rastejar]

cut - cut- cut [cortar]

deal - dealt - dealt [negociar, tratar]

dig - dug - dug [cavar]

do - did - done [fazer]

draw - drew - drawn [desenhar]

drink - drank - drunk [beber]

drive - drove - driven [dirigir (veículo)]

eat - ate - eaten [comer]

fall - fell - fallen [cair]

feed - fed - fed [alimentar]

feel - felt - felt [sentir]

fight - fought - fought [lutar]

find - found - found [encontrar]

flee - fled - fled [fugir, escapar]

fly - flew - flown [voar; pilotar]

forbid - forbade - forbidden [proibir]

forget - forgot - forgotten [esquecer]

forgive - forgave - forgiven [perdoar]

freeze - froze - frozen [congelar]

get - got - gotten [obter]

give - gave - given [dar]

go - went - gone [ir]

grind - ground - ground [moer]

grow - grew - grown [crescer; cultivar]

have - had - had [ter]

hear - heard - heard [ouvir]

hide - hid - hidden [esconder]

hit - hit - hit [bater, atingir]

hold - held - held [segurar; abraçar]

hurt - hurt - hurt [ferir, machucar; magoar]

keep - kept - kept [manter]

know - knew - known [saber; conhecer]

lay - laid - laid [pôr; botar ovos]

lead - led - led [liderar]

leave - left - left [deixar, partir]

lend - lent - lent [emprestar]let - let - let [deixar]

lie - lay - lain [deitar]lose - lost - lost [perder]

make - made - made [fazer, fabricar]

mean - meant - meant [significar]

meet - met - met [encontrar; conhecer]

overcome - overcame - overcome [superar]

overtake - overtook - overtaken [alcançar; conseguir]

pay - paid - paid [pagar]

put - put - put [pôr, colocar]

quit - quit - quit [desistir, abandonar]

read /riid/ - read /réd/ - read /réd/ [ler]

ride - rode - ridden [cavalgar; andar (de bicicleta); passear]

ring - rang - rung [tocar (campainha)]

rise - rose - risen [erguer-se]

run - ran - run [correr; concorrer (em eleição)]

saw - sawed - sawn [serrar]

say - said - said [dizer]

see - saw - seen [ver]

seek - sought - sought [buscar; procurar]

sell - sold - sold [vender]

send - sent - sent [enviar]

set - set - set [pôr, colocar; ajustar]

shake - shook - shaken [tremer]

shed - shed - shed [derramar]

shine - shone - shone [brilhar, reluzir]

shoot - shot - shot [atirar; filmar]

show - showed - shown [mostar, exibir]

shrink - shrank - shrunk [encolher]

shut - shut - shut [fechar]

sing - sang - sung [cantar]

sink - sank - sunk [afundar]sit - sat - sat [sentar]

slay - slew - slain [matar, assassinar]

sleep - slept - slept [dormir]

slide - slid - slid [deslizar, escorregar]

speak - spoke - spoken [falar]

spend - spent - spent [gastar]

spin - spun - spun [fazer girar]

spit - spit / spat - spit / spat [cuspir]

spread - spread - spread [espalhar; disseminar, difundir]

spring - sprang - sprung [saltar]

stand - stood - stood [ficar em pé; suportar]

steal - stole - stolen [furtar]

stick - stuck - stuck [fincar, enfiar]

sting - stung - stung [picar, ferroar]

stink - stank - stunk [feder]

strike - struck - struck [golpear; atacar]

strive - strove - striven [esforçar-se]

swear - swore - sworn [jurar]

sweep - swept - swept [varrer]

swim - swam - swum [nadar]

swing - swung - swung [balançar]

take - took - taken [tomar]

teach - taught - taught [ensinar; lecionar]

tear - tore - torn [rasgar]tell - told - told [contar]

think - thought - thought [pensar]

throw - threw - thrown [jogar, atirar]u

ndergo - underwent - undergone [submeter-se a]

understand - understood - understood [entender]

uphold - upheld - upheld [sustentar; apoiar]

wear - wore - worn [vestir; usar (roupa)]

win - won - won [vencer]

wind /uaind/ - wound /uaund/ - wound /uaund/ [enrolar; dar corda]

write - wrote - written [escrever]

Tks.