sábado, 24 de janeiro de 2009

CAUSATIVE FORM

1- HAVE SOMETHING DONE
We can use the construction HAVE SOMETHING DONE to say that something is done for us because we arrange or ask for it to be done, instead of doing it ourselves.
The action to be done is always expressed in the past participle.
I had(to have) a wisdom(object) tooth pulled(past participle) yesterday.

2- HAVE SOMEONE DO SOMETHING
When we want to say that someone does something for us because we ask him or her to do it and when we want to emphasize who it is that we ask, we use the construction: HAVE SOMEONE DO SOMETHING.
The action to be done is always expressed in the infinitive without to.
Mary's having John wash her car.

3- GET SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING
We can use the construction GET SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING to say that someone does something for us because we persuade or convince him or her to do it.
I got my mother to take me to the movie.

quarta-feira, 21 de janeiro de 2009

PHRASAL VERBS

A) WHEN YOU HOLD OUT YOUR HAND, YOU STRETCH IT OUT IN FRONT OF YOU,
USUALLY IN ORDER TO TAKE SOMETHING FROM SOMEONE OR TO SHAKE HANDS
WITH THE PERSON.
The dark-haired man is holding out his hand.

B) IF YOU GO THROUGH SOMETHING SUCH AS AN EVENT OR A PERIOD OF TIME,
ESPECIALLY AN UNPLEASANT ONE, YOU EXPERIENCE IT.
He knows what his friend is going through.

C) WHEN SOMETHING SUCH AS A PROBLEM,A PAIN, ECT., GOES AWAY, IT
DISAPPEARS.
The pain will go away in a few days.

D) IF YOU RUN AFTER SOMEONE OR SOMETHING THAT IS MOVING, YOU GO
AFTER THEM IN ORDER TO CATCH THEM OR TO STOP THEM
She’s running after the thief.

E) WHEM YOU GIVE UP AN ACTIVITY, A TASK, ETC., YOU STOP DOING IT USUALLY
BECAUSE IT’S TOO DIFFICULT OR BECAUSE YOU’RE NOT INTERESTED IN IT
ANY MORE.
She gave up smoking last year.

F) IF THE POLICE ARE LOOKING FOR YOU AND YOU GIVE YOURSELF UP, YOU LET
THE POLICE CATCH YOU.
He’s giving himself up.

G) WHEN YOU COME ACROSS SOMETHING OR SOMEONE, YOU FIND OR MEET THEM BY CHANCE, WHITOUT HAVING EXPECTED TO.
They’ve come across a new store.

H) WHEN YOU SAY YOU’LL GO WITH SOMETHING, YOU MEAN YOU’LL CHOOSE THIS THING OVER SOMETHING ELSE.
I’ll go with the milk.

I) TO KNOCK OVER SOMETHING OR TO KNOCK SOMETHING OVER IS TO CAUSE IT TO FALL BY PUSHING OR HITTING IT,OFTEN ACCIDENTALLY.
The boy knocked over the juice bottle.

J) IF YOU GO ALONG WITH A PERSON OR AN IDEA, YOU AGREE WITH THE PERSON OR ACCEPT THE IDEA.
I go along with you when you say that David shouldn’t have dropped by without calling us first. That was very impolite.

K) WHEN A MACHINE OR VEHICLE BREAKS DOWN, IT STOPS WORKING.
I think the washing machine has broken down again, dear.

L) TO PLAY AROUND WITH SOMETHING IS TO DEAL WITH IT IN A CASUAL, CARELESS WAY.
My fahter's always playing around with things he doesn't understand.

M) WHEN YOU MESS UP, YOU DO SOMETHING VERY BADLY.
I can't believe you messed up again. You've had so many lessons about english, but you stil don't know what you should or should not say.

N) TO LIVE DOWN A MISTAKE, FAILURE OR FOOLISH ACTION IS TO MAKE IT BE FORGOTTEN.
If her sister hear about what you did to the bike, she'll never let you live it down.