POSSESSIVE CASE

1- Personal names that end in s in the singular can make the possessive with either an apostrophe and an extra s or simply an apostrophe. The apostrophe and the extra s is the most commom.
Charles's car. ( is more commom than...) Charles' car.

2- Classical names often make the possessive simply with an apostrophe.
Venus' beauty. Socrates' words.

3- No matter whether a personal name ending in s takes an apostrophe with or without an extra s, in spoken English, an extra unstressed syllable/iz/ is added.

4-When a name ends in ss, its possessive form is always 's.
Mr. Cross's house is sheer luxury!

5- Regular plurals make the possessive with just an apostrophe.
Dogs' noses are generally cold.

6-When there are two or more possessors of the same belongings or possessions, the apostrophe can be attached either to each possessor or simply to the last possessor.
Mark and Joanne's daughter is a beautiful girl.
Mark's and Joanne's daughter is a beautiful girl.

See you later!!

Home Appliances in English

Hi guys! Following below some home appliances in English for you increase your vocabulary.
Let see too, some expressions generally used with them.

I hope that you like it.

1. Microondas: Microwave
Ex: They love microwave popcorn.

2. Geladeira: Fridge, refrigerator
Ex: His mother caught him raiding the fridge.

3. Fogão: Stove
Ex:The milk boiled over on the stove

4. Ferro de passar roupa: Iron
Ex: She got an iron as a present.

5. Liquidificador: Blender, liquidizer
Ex: Her blender broke this morning.

6. Batedeira: Mixer
Ex: He said the mixer is missing.

7. Aspirador de pó: Vacuum cleaner
Ex: This vacuum cleaner uses a lot of energy.

8. Ar condicionado: Air conditioner
Ex: An air conditioner would make things easier.

9. Aparelho de som: Stereo
Ex: Where did you buy this stereo?

10. Máquina de lavar roupas: Washing machine
Ex: That washing machine was on sale.

11. Aparelho de DVD: DVD player
Ex: He sent his DVD player to be fixed.

12. Máquina de lavar louça: Dishwasher
Ex: We need a new dishwasher.

13. Ventilador: Fan
Ex: Go and get the fan, please

Have a nice study !!

Modal Verb: Shall

"Shall" is another way to say the Future Time in English.

Follow bellow when we use "shall".

Meaning 1: In old-fashioned and very formal English, we use 'shall' instead of 'will' when the subject is 'I' or 'we'. Most people use 'will' these days.
Exs: I shall spend all day tomorrow studying English.
I shall never forget this beautiful day.
We shall contact you in the near future. (very formal)

Meaning 2: We use 'shall', with 'I' or 'we', when we make a suggestion.
Exs: "I'm too hot." "Shall I turn on the air conditioning?"
Shall we go to the beach tomorrow?

Meaning 3: We use 'shall' to say that something certainly will or must happen, or that you are determined that something will happen. After 'I' or 'We' with this meaning, we always emphasise the word 'shall'.
Exs: I shall be there to help you, so please don't worry about it.
The company rules state that no employee shall smoke on the company premises.

See you later !!

Lets practice our English !!

See a picture above and create answers for it's questions.
Try!!

My Questions:

(a) Who are "those people"? Quem são "aquelas pessoas"?

(b) Who is the woman holding the sports equipment? Quem é a mulher segurando o equipamento esportivo?

(c) Who is the other woman (in the dress)? Quem é a outra mulher (de vestido)?

Some Answers:

(a) They're people who passed away and left everything to this charitable organization. São pessoas que faleceram e deixaram tudo para essa organização de caridade.

(b) She's in charge of the storage room. Ela é responsável pelo depósito.

(c) She is the director of this charitable organization. Ela é a diretora dessa organização de caridade.

Hugs!!

IRREGULAR VERBS

Os verbos irregulares do inglês são aqueles verbos que não seguem a regra geral de formação do Passado e do Particípio Passado. A formação do Past e do Past Participle, de acordo com a regra geral, que se aplica a todos os demais verbos, se dá através do sufixo -ed. Portanto, todo verbo que não seguir este padrão, será classificado de irregular.

É interessante notar que a irregularidade dos verbos em inglês manifesta-se apenas nas formas do Past e do Past Participle, e não na conjugação dos mesmos, como em português. Os únicos verbos do inglês que têm também uma conjugação irregular são o verbo to be e os verbos auxiliares modais (can, may, might, shall, should, must, etc.).

É interessante notar também que, com relação a freqüência de ocorrência, o Past é mais importante para o aluno do que o Past Participle. Enquanto que o Past representa uma das estruturas gramaticais básicas, o Past Participle ocorre apenas no Perfect Tense, na formação da Voz Passiva e na forma adjetivada do verbo. Exemplos:
Have you heard the news? - Perfect Tense
Toyotas are made in Japan. - Passive Voice
English is a widely spoken language. - Adjective

Nós aqui classificamos as formas irregulares dos verbos como uma questão de vocabulário, uma vez que as mesmas não interferem na estruturação das frases; e do ponto de vista do aprendizado, o aluno deve assimilar essas formas da mesma maneira que assimila vocabulário.

arise - arose - arisen [surgir; erguer-se]

awake - awoke - awoken [despertar]

be - was; were - been [ser; estar]

bear - bore - borne [suportar; dar a luz]

beat - beat - beaten [bater]

become - became - become [tornar-se]

begin - began - begun [começar]

behold - beheld - beheld [contemplar]

bend - bent - bent [curvar, entortar]

bet - bet - bet [apostar]

bid - bid - bid [oferecer, fazer uma oferta]

bind - bound - bound [unir; encadernar]

bite - bit - bitten [morder]

bleed - bled - bled [sangrar]

blow - blew - blown [soprar; explodir]

break - broke - broken [quebrar]

breed - bred - bred [procriar, reproduzir]

bring - brought - brought [trazer]

broadcast - broadcast - broadcast [irradiar, transmitir (via TV ou rádio)]

build - built - built [construir]

buy - bought - bought [comprar]

cast - cast - cast [arremessar, atirar]

catch - caught - caught [pegar, apanhar]

choose - chose - chosen [escolher]

come - came - come [vir]

cost - cost - cost [custar]

creep - crept - crept [rastejar]

cut - cut- cut [cortar]

deal - dealt - dealt [negociar, tratar]

dig - dug - dug [cavar]

do - did - done [fazer]

draw - drew - drawn [desenhar]

drink - drank - drunk [beber]

drive - drove - driven [dirigir (veículo)]

eat - ate - eaten [comer]

fall - fell - fallen [cair]

feed - fed - fed [alimentar]

feel - felt - felt [sentir]

fight - fought - fought [lutar]

find - found - found [encontrar]

flee - fled - fled [fugir, escapar]

fly - flew - flown [voar; pilotar]

forbid - forbade - forbidden [proibir]

forget - forgot - forgotten [esquecer]

forgive - forgave - forgiven [perdoar]

freeze - froze - frozen [congelar]

get - got - gotten [obter]

give - gave - given [dar]

go - went - gone [ir]

grind - ground - ground [moer]

grow - grew - grown [crescer; cultivar]

have - had - had [ter]

hear - heard - heard [ouvir]

hide - hid - hidden [esconder]

hit - hit - hit [bater, atingir]

hold - held - held [segurar; abraçar]

hurt - hurt - hurt [ferir, machucar; magoar]

keep - kept - kept [manter]

know - knew - known [saber; conhecer]

lay - laid - laid [pôr; botar ovos]

lead - led - led [liderar]

leave - left - left [deixar, partir]

lend - lent - lent [emprestar]let - let - let [deixar]

lie - lay - lain [deitar]lose - lost - lost [perder]

make - made - made [fazer, fabricar]

mean - meant - meant [significar]

meet - met - met [encontrar; conhecer]

overcome - overcame - overcome [superar]

overtake - overtook - overtaken [alcançar; conseguir]

pay - paid - paid [pagar]

put - put - put [pôr, colocar]

quit - quit - quit [desistir, abandonar]

read /riid/ - read /réd/ - read /réd/ [ler]

ride - rode - ridden [cavalgar; andar (de bicicleta); passear]

ring - rang - rung [tocar (campainha)]

rise - rose - risen [erguer-se]

run - ran - run [correr; concorrer (em eleição)]

saw - sawed - sawn [serrar]

say - said - said [dizer]

see - saw - seen [ver]

seek - sought - sought [buscar; procurar]

sell - sold - sold [vender]

send - sent - sent [enviar]

set - set - set [pôr, colocar; ajustar]

shake - shook - shaken [tremer]

shed - shed - shed [derramar]

shine - shone - shone [brilhar, reluzir]

shoot - shot - shot [atirar; filmar]

show - showed - shown [mostar, exibir]

shrink - shrank - shrunk [encolher]

shut - shut - shut [fechar]

sing - sang - sung [cantar]

sink - sank - sunk [afundar]sit - sat - sat [sentar]

slay - slew - slain [matar, assassinar]

sleep - slept - slept [dormir]

slide - slid - slid [deslizar, escorregar]

speak - spoke - spoken [falar]

spend - spent - spent [gastar]

spin - spun - spun [fazer girar]

spit - spit / spat - spit / spat [cuspir]

spread - spread - spread [espalhar; disseminar, difundir]

spring - sprang - sprung [saltar]

stand - stood - stood [ficar em pé; suportar]

steal - stole - stolen [furtar]

stick - stuck - stuck [fincar, enfiar]

sting - stung - stung [picar, ferroar]

stink - stank - stunk [feder]

strike - struck - struck [golpear; atacar]

strive - strove - striven [esforçar-se]

swear - swore - sworn [jurar]

sweep - swept - swept [varrer]

swim - swam - swum [nadar]

swing - swung - swung [balançar]

take - took - taken [tomar]

teach - taught - taught [ensinar; lecionar]

tear - tore - torn [rasgar]tell - told - told [contar]

think - thought - thought [pensar]

throw - threw - thrown [jogar, atirar]u

ndergo - underwent - undergone [submeter-se a]

understand - understood - understood [entender]

uphold - upheld - upheld [sustentar; apoiar]

wear - wore - worn [vestir; usar (roupa)]

win - won - won [vencer]

wind /uaind/ - wound /uaund/ - wound /uaund/ [enrolar; dar corda]

write - wrote - written [escrever]

Tks.

Adjectives followed by Prepositions

Hey, guys!

Follow below a small list of Adjectives Followed by Prepositions for your enjoy end help, of course.

abreast of (geralmente com stay ou keep): (manter-se) informado sobre. Ex.: I like to keep abreast of what is happening in my city.
accused of/by: acusado de/por. Ex.: He was accused of stealing. / He was accused by the police.
acquainted with: conhecer um pouco (alguém); saber um pouco (de algo). Ex.: Are you acquainted with Mary? / Are you acquainted with computers?
adjacent to: ao lado de. Ex.: The bank is adjacent to the bookstore.
angry at: zangado com. Ex.: Are you angry at me?
annoyed about/by (something): estar aborrecido com. Ex.: He was annoyed about the latest news. / She was annoyed by the noise from the street.
annoyed with/at (somebody): estar aborrecido com. Ex.: She was annoyed with John. / She was annoyed at John.
aware of: ciente de. Ex.: I was not aware of the rules.
bored with: aborrecido/chateado com. Ex.: Jason is bored with his job. / Anna is bored by Jeff’s behavior.
close to: perto de. Ex.: Is your house close to your school?
cluttered with: cheio de, abarrotado de. Ex.: My bedroom is cluttered with books and magazines.
committed to: comprometido com. Ex.: I am totally committed to the environment.
compatible with: compatível com. Ex. His lifestyle is not compatible with his salary.
composed of: composto de, feito de. Ex.: Our board of directors is composed of five women and three men.
concerned about: preocupado com. Ex. He is concerned about his daughter’s new relationship. (Há outras preposições possíveis com concerned, com significados diferentes.)
confronted with: enfrentar. Ex.: You are normally confronted with danger when you walk alone at night.
connected to: ligado a. Ex. My computer was connected to the internet yesterday.
connected with: relacionado com. Ex.: I think her problem is connected with bullying.
conscious of: consciente de. Ex.: I was conscious of the fact that she had helped me a lot.
content with: feliz com, satisfeito com. Ex.: They were content with the results. (Também usado na negativa, para dar ênfase. Ex.: Not content with the motorcycle, she bought a car.)
contrary to: contrário a. Ex.: The teacher’s attitude was contrary to the students’ expectations.
convinced of: convencido de. Ex.: They are convinced of the politicians’ wrongdoing.
covered with/in: coberto de/com. Ex.: The table was covered with dust. / The city was covered in ashes.
crowded with: cheio de. Ex.: The streets were crowded with buses. / Some beaches are crowded with Argentinean tourists.
dedicated to: dedicado a. Ex.: Her life was dedicated to English literature. (Her life was dedicated to studying English literature.)
devoted to: devotado a. Ex.: She was really devoted to her two sons. / This institute is devoted to teaching languages.
disappointed with: decepcionado com. Ex.: I was really disappointed with her reaction. (Também podemos usar at e about no lugar de with.)
discriminated against: discriminar (por). Ex.: It is illegal to discriminate people against their color. / I’ve never been discriminated against.
divorced from: divorciado de; desligado de. Ex.: Is your mother divorced from your father? / Your essay is completely divorced from the original text.
done with: terminado. Ex.: Are you done with the newspaper? I’d like to see the sports section.
dressed in: vestido com, usando. Ex.: The groom was dressed in a black suit.
engaged in: envolvido com. Ex.: Jennifer was engaged in her thesis.
engaged to: noivo de. Ex.: John is engaged to Susan.
envious of: com inveja de. Ex.: Her classmates were envious of her grades.
equivalent to: equivalente a. Ex.: Is the price of a Mercedes equivalent to that of a BMW?
exhausted from: exausto com. Ex.: The children were exhausted from the long trip.
exposed to: exposto a. Ex.: It’s dangerous to be exposed to the sunlight between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00p.m.
faithful to: fiel a. Ex.: You must be faithful to your beliefs. / He was not faithful to his wife.
familiar to: familiar para, conhecido de. Ex.: This smell is very familiar to me.
familiar with: familiarizado com. Ex.: Are you familiar with verb tenses?
filled with: cheio de. Ex.: Their faces were filled with fear when they saw the lion.
finished with: terminado, acabado de usar. Ex.: I’m finished with your book. You can take it.
fond of: gostar de. Ex.: I’m fond of country music. / I’m fond of surfing the internet.
friendly to/with: amigável com. Ex.: She was very friendly with her mother-in-law.
frightened of: assustado com, com medo de. Ex.: I was frightened of getting lost. / We were frightened of the frogs.
full of: cheio de. Ex.: The house was full of smoke.
furnished with: mobiliado com. Ex.: The living room was furnished with nineteenth-century tables and chairs.
grateful for: grato por. Ex.: I’m grateful for your help. / I’m grateful to you for your help.
grateful to: grato a. Ex.: I’m very grateful to you.
guilty of: culpado por. Ex.: He was considered guilty of both deaths.
innocent of: inocente de/por. Ex.: After the trial everyone knew he was innocent of his wife’s death.
interested in: interessado por. Ex.: I’m interested in literature. / I’m interested in learning literature.
invited to: convidado a/para. Ex.: Jack was upset because he had not been invited to the party.
involved in (something): envolvido em. Ex.: Two cars were involved in the accident.
involved with (somebody): envolvido com. Ex.: Jeff is involved with the teacher’s daughter.


See you later!!

SO…THAT / SUCH (A/AN)…THAT

SO…THAT
a) So…that can be used with an adjective.
Mary is so moody that no one likes her.

b) So…that can be used with an adverb.
Mary writes so quickly that no one can follows her.


SUCH(A/AN)…THAT
a) Such(a/an)…that can be used with a noun.
Patric is such a rascal that everboby hates him.

b) Such (a/an)…that can be used with an adjective preceding a noun.
Sam is such a good guy that we all like him.

Pay Attention!
Aunt Mary is so annoying, we never invite her to our parties.
Tom is such a nice guy, we always invite him to a our parties.
As shown in the sentences above, in formal spokem English, that can be omitted from so…that and such (a/an)…that clauses. In such cases, that is replace by a pause in speech or a comma in writing.

Regards.